如何自我检查睾丸

　　为了早期发现睾丸癌，男士最好养成自我检查习惯，建议于洗完温水澡浴缸或淋浴后进行，这时候阴囊等外阴部皮肤比较松弛，适合进行睾丸自我检查。

　　1、 大约每个月检查1-2词，可以一次先检查一侧，完毕后以同样的方法检查另一侧或是两只手同时进行检查。

　　2、 先检视阴囊表皮是否有溃烂或是其他皮肤病变，以拇指轻触而其他手指也要移动，使用轻柔的压力(以不造成不适为原则)将睾丸在指尖滚动，睾丸在阴囊应该是自由流动。

　　3、 两侧睾丸应该大小相等，手感光滑，坚实如橡胶般。

　　4、 感觉其表面是否有任何肿块，在睾丸的背面，从底部到顶管，有个长条状结构，称为附睾，感觉就像一个小的“凸点”在睾丸的上部及下侧，易被误为肿块，其连接着一条类似橡皮筋的组成，称为输精管。

　　5、 如果睾丸被梅毒或肿块所侵犯，往往会较无压痛感，其他非癌性的问题，如鞘膜积液，精索静脉曲张，有时会英气睾丸周围的肿胀或肿块，这很容易与癌症混淆。

　　不用怕做不好或做不对，只要这一次检查与上一次检查不一样，就必须进一步检查并向医生报告任何变化。尽早安排阴囊超音波检查。

　　How to do a testicular self-examination

　　The best time to do the self-examination is during or after a bath or shower, when the skin of the scrotum is relaxed. To do a testicular self-examination:

　　1. Hold your penis out of the way and check one testicle at a time. The scrotum should be freely mobile from the testes.

　　2. Hold the testicle between your thumbs and fingers of both hands and roll it gently between your fingers.

　　3. Look and feel for any hard lumps or smooth rounded bumps or any change in the size, sharp, or consistency of tests (they should be equal sized and feel smooth, rubbery and firm).

　　4. Palpate up each spermatic cord, whilst gently pulling the respective testis downwards. It should feel regular and smooth.

　　5. Each normal testis has epididymis, which feels like a small “bump” on the upper or middle outer side of the testis. Normal testicles also contain blood vessels, supporting tissues, and tubes that conduct sperm. Can sometimes cause swellings or lumps around a testicle. It’s easy to confuse with cancer. If you have any doubts, see a doctor.

　　If you choose to check your testicles every month, you will learn what is normal for you and be able to tell when something is different. Always report any changes to a doctor right away.